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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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belgium.3
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Government
Long-form name: Kingdom of Belgium.
Type: constitutional monarchy.
Capital: Brussels.
Administrative divisions: 9 provinces (French--provinces,
singular--province; Flemish--provincien, singular--provincie);
Antwerpen, Brabant, Hainaut, Liege, Limburg, Luxembourg,
Namur, Oost-Vlaanderen, West-Vlaanderen.
Independence: 4 October 1830 (from the Netherlands).
Constitution: 7 February 1831, last revised 8-9 August 1980;
the government is in the process of revising the Constitution,
with the aim of federalizing the Belgian state.
Legal system: civil law system influenced by English constitutional
theory; judicial review of legislative acts; accepts compulsory
ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations.
National holiday: National Day, 21 July (ascension of King
Leopold to the throne in 1831).
Executive branch: monarch, prime minister, five deputy prime
ministers, Cabinet.
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament consists of an
upper chamber or Senate (Flemish--Senaat, French--Senat)
and a lower chamber or Chamber of Representatives (Flemish--Kamer
van Volksvertegenwoordigers, French--Chambre des Representants).
Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (Flemish--Hof van
Cassatie, French--Cour de Cassation).
Leaders:
Chief of State--King BAUDOUIN I (since 17 July 1951); Heir Apparent
Prince ALBERT of Liege (brother of the King; born 6 June 1934);
Head of Government--Prime Minister Wilfried MARTENS, (since
April 1979, with a 10-month interruption in 1981).
Political parties and leaders: Flemish Social Christian
(CVP), Herman van Rompuy, president; Walloon Social Christian
(PSC), Gerard Deprez, president; Flemish Socialist (SP),
Frank Vandenbroucke, president; Walloon Socialist (PS),
Guy Spitaels, president; Flemish Liberal (PVV), Guy Verhofstadt,
president; Walloon Liberal (PRL), Antoine Duquesne, president;
Francophone Democratic Front (FDF), Georges Clerfayt, president;
Volksunie (VU), Jaak Gabriels, president; Communist Party
(PCB), Louis van Geyt, president; Vlaams Blok (VB), Karel
Dillen; other minor parties.
Suffrage: universal and compulsory at age 18.
Elections:
Senate--last held 13 December 1987 (next to be held December 1991);
results--CVP 19.2%, PS 15.7%, SP 14.7%, PVV 11.3%, PRL 9.3%,
VU 8.1%, PSC 7.8%, ECOLO-AGALEV 7.7%, VB 2.0%, VDF 1.3%, other
1.96%; seats--(106 total) CVP 22, PS 20, SP 17, PRL 12, PVV 11,
PSC 9, VU 8, ECOLO-AGALEV 5, VB 1, FDF 1;
Chamber of Representatives--last held 13 December 1987
(next to be held December 1991); results--CVP 19.45%, PS
15.66%, SP 14.88%, PVV 11.55%, PRL 9.41%, PSC 8.01%, VU
8.05%, ECOLO-AGALEV 7.05%, VB 1.90%, FDF 1.16%, other 2.88%;
seats--(212 total) CVP 43, PS 40, SP 32, PVV 25, PRL 23,
PSC 19, VU 16, ECOLO-AGALEV 9, FDF 3, VB 2.
Communists: under 5,000 members (December 1985 est.).
Other political or pressure groups: Christian and Socialist
Trade Unions; Federation of Belgian Industries; numerous
other associations representing bankers, manufacturers,
middle-class artisans, and the legal and medical professions;
various organizations represent the cultural interests of
Flanders and Wallonia; various peace groups such as the
Flemish Action Committee Against Nuclear Weapons and Pax
Christi.
Member of: ADB, Benelux, BLEU, CCC, Council of Europe, DAC,
EC, ECE, ECOSOC, EIB, EMS, ESA, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC,
ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IDB--Inter-American Development Bank,
IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, ILZSG, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
IOOC, IPU, ITC, ITU, NATO, OAS (observer), OECD, UN, UNESCO,
UPU, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG.
Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Herman DEHENNIN; Chancery
at 3330 Garfield Street NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone
(202) 333-6900; there are Belgian Consulates General in
Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, and New York; US--Ambassador
Maynard W. GLITMAN; Embassy at 27 Boulevard du Regent, B-1000
Brussels (mailing address is APO New York 09667); telephone
[32] (2) 513-3830; there is a US Consulate General in Antwerp.
Flag: three equal vertical bands of black (hoist side),
yellow, and red; the design was based on the flag of France.